![]() Furthermore, BMSCs have also been considered to be a potential treatment for tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Recent discoveries suggest that BMSCs are capable of stimulating neurogenesis through the release of growth factors and the induction of local repair responses. DPSCs and BMSCs have similar gene expression profiles, although their ability to differentiate varies. The differentiation capacity and multipotency of DPSCs could be greatly enhanced by the selection of a subset of DPSCs based on cell surface marker expression and DNA dyes exclusion. Although the cell therapeutic potential of DPSCs has not been fully investigated, additional evidence of the multipotent differentiation potential of DPSCs has strongly suggested that DPSCs are able to differentiate beyond mineralized tissues. In addition, like osteoblasts, hDPSCs can differentiate into adipocytes. A recent study demonstrated the expression of bone markers in DPSCs, including bone sialoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and type-I collagen. DPSCs are capable of differentiating into osteogenic lineages with functions similar to those of osteoblasts. Human DPSCs (hDPSCs) were first reported in 2000 and were categorized as post-natal stem cells. Therefore, the establishment of ChDPSCs would preserve and maximize the applications of such a unique and invaluable animal model, and could advance the understanding of cellular functions and differentiation control of adult stem cells in higher primates. Teeth are easy to recover at necropsy and easy to preserve prior to the retrieval of dental pulp for stem/stromal cells isolation. Due to the almost identical genome composition of humans and chimpanzees, there is an emergent need for defining the new role of chimpanzee modeling in comparative medicine. These results demonstrate that ChDPSCs can be efficiently isolated from post-mortem teeth of adult chimpanzees and are multipotent. Although ChDPSCs vigorously proliferated during the initial phase and gradually decreased in subsequent passages, the telomere length indicated that telomerase activity was not significantly reduced. ChDPSCs also express stem cell (Sox-2, Nanog, Rex-1, Oct-4) and osteogenic (Osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin) markers, which is comparable to reported results of rhesus monkey BMSCs (rBMSCs), hBMSCs and hDPSCs. The ChDPSCs are multipotent and were capable of differentiating into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages under appropriate in vitro culture conditions. A homogenous population of ChDPSCs was established in early culture at a high proliferation rate and verified by the expression pattern of thirteen cell surface markers. ResultsĬhDPSCs were isolated from an incisor and a canine of a forty-seven year old female chimpanzee. ![]() ![]() ![]() Chimpanzee dental pulp stem/stromal cells (ChDPSCs) are very similar to human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBMSCs) as demonstrated by the expression pattern of cell surface markers and their multipotent differentiation capability. ![]()
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