![]() ![]() Galaxy Evolution Explorer image courtesy NASA. Photo: Edwin Hubble's 1920s observations of Andromeda (whose ultraviolet spectrum is rendered here) expanded our notions of the size and nature of a universe that is itself expanding. NASA named its space telescope after him. When the 200-inch Mount Palomar telescope was completed in January 1949, Hubble was honored to be the first astronomer to use it. By analyzing the Doppler effect on the spectroscopic signals of receding stars, he established that their red shift was proportional to their distance. (Image credit: NASA) Thanks to Hubble, 'If you put in a box all the ways that dark energy might differ from the cosmological. So Einstein invented the cosmological constant as a term in his General Relativity theory that allowed for a static universe. NASAs COBE satellite precisely mapped cosmic microwave background. However, in 1917, the idea that the universe was expanding was thought to be absurd. Before the 1920s were over, he added another astronomical achievement to his reputation. The Big Bang model was a natural outcome of Einstein's General Relativity as applied to a homogeneous universe. ![]() Hubble went on to discover another couple of dozen galaxies. George Gamow Edwin Hubble (1889 - 1953) Credit: Emilio Segre Visual Archives Edwin Hubble at the camera on the Hooker 100 inch telescope on Mt Wilson. ![]() 25 that Hubble and a public health researcher split a $1,000 prize ($12,500 in today's money) from the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This conclusively proved that the nebulae are separate star systems and that our galaxy is not the universe.Ĭosmic though it was, the news did not make the front page of The New York Times. That's more than eight times the distance to the farthest stars in the Milky Way. Hubble used Leavitt's formula to calculate that Andromeda was approximately 860,000 light years away. ![]()
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